(1) General Intelligence;
(2) General English : The Syllabus for B. Ed. General English course shall comprise questions on language, grammar meanings of words, use of idioms and phrases;
(3) One of the SCHOOL SUBJECTS.
SCHOOL SUBJECT Biological Sciences
(a) B. Ed. (Zoology)
- Animal Diversity : classification and general characteristics of Invertebrates (Protozoa, Porifera, Cnidaria, Echinodermata, Annelida, Mollusca, Crustacea, Arachnida and Insecta) and Chordates (Protochordates and Vertebrates). Comparative Anatomy of Vertebrate Systems (Integumentary, Endoskeleton, Digestion, Respiration, Circulation, Urino-genital System, Nervous System and Sense Organs).
- Cell Biology : General Organization, Chemistry, Energy Metabolism in Cell, Techniques in Cell Biology, Structure and Function of Cell Organelles, Cell Cycles and Cell Division. Cancer and Nuclear Biology.
- Histological Techniques : Structure and Organization of Epithelial, Connective, / Muscular and Nervous Tissue.
- Animal Ecology and Behaviour : Ecosystems and Biogeochemical Cycles. Food and Nutritional relationships. Pollution and its Control. Animal Population and Communities, Behavioral Concepts, Characteristics and types. Wild Life conservation and Management. Physiology of Digestion, Blood and defense Mechanism. Circulation and Cardiac Activity. Pulmonary and Cellular respiration. Muscle Contraction and Energy Utilization. Excretion, Osmoregulation and Thermoregulation. Nervous and Sensory Physiology. Endocrine glands and Hormones. Reproduction and Birth Control Measures.
- Developmental Biology and Evolution : Germplasm, gametogenesis, Fertilization and Embryonic Membranes. Organogensis, Embryonic Growth, Nutrient Requirement of Eggs and Embryos.
- Origin of Life. Evidences of Organic Evolution (Comparative Anatomy, Physiology, Embryology, Seriology and Biochemistry, Palaentology). Molecular Evolution and Phylogeny. Zoogeography, Geological Time Scale, Fossils. Evolution of man, Theories of Evolution, natural Selection, Industrial Melanism, Variation, Mutation, Migration, Isolation Drift, Speciation.
- Genetics and Molecular Biology : Mendelian Laws, Gene interaction, Linkage and Crossing over. Sex determination in sex-linked inheritance. Cytoplasmic inheritance. Chromosomal aberrations, Euploidy and Aneuploidy, Chromosomal structure, Karyotypes and genetics disorders, Herdy-Weinberg law.
- Molecular Biology : Structure of DNA, Chromosomes and genes. Repeat Sequences, Transposons, Packaging of DNA, Replication. Enzymes and Proteins, DNA Repair System, Mutations, Transcription, Translation, Post-translation modification, rDNA, Tansgenic and GM organisms, Gene Therapy.
- Economic Zoology : Apiculture. Sericulture, Lac culture and aquaculture.
(1) General Intelligence;
(2) General English : The Syllabus for B. Ed. General English course shall comprise questions on language, grammar meanings of words, use of idioms and phrases;
(3) One of the SCHOOL SUBJECTS.
SCHOOL SUBJECT Biological Sciences
(b) B. Ed. (Botany)
Viruses : Characteristics and classification of viruses, Host virus interaction, Bacteriophage- T4. Tobacco Mosaic Virus.
Microbiology and Plant Pathology : Prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms, Characteristics features of Bacteria, Fungi, Nematodes, Viroids, Phytoplasma and Actinomycetes. General account of diseases caused by plant pathogens (Little leaf of Brinjal, Citrus Canker, Ear cockle of wheat, Root knot of Okra, Early blight of Potato, Rust diseases of Wheat.
Algae : General characteristics, Classification and economic importance of algae, Important features and life history of algae belonging to various classes : Chlorophyceae (Chlamydomonas), Cyanophyceae (Nostoc), Xanthophyceae (Vaucheria), Charophyceae
(Chara), Rhodophyceae (Batrachospermum) and Phaeophyceae (Ectocarpus).
Bryophytes : Structure, reproduction and classification of Hepaticopsida (Riccia, Marchantia), Anthocerotopsida (Anthoceros), Bryopsida (Funaria), Ecological and economic importance of bryophytes.
Pteridophytes : Classification and important characteristics of pteriodophytes. Morphology, anatomy and reproduction of Psilopsida (Rhynia, Psilotum), Lycopsida (Lycopodium, Selaginella, Marsilea), Sphenopsida (Equisetum) and Pteropsida (Pteris). Telome theory,
Stelar evolution, Heterosporty and seed habit.
Gymnosperms : General characteristics of Gymnosperms, distribution, vegetative organography, anatomy, reproductive cycle, gametophytes, fertilization, embryogeny and seed development of Cycas, Pinus and Ephedra.
Angiosperms : Structure and function of flower, Microsporogenesis, Pollen germination and pollen tube growth, Ovules, megasporogenesis, Development of embryosac, Pollination, Pollen-pistil interaction, Self incompatibility; Double fertilization. Development of endosperm and embryo, seed development, seed dormancy and seed dispersal, Vegetative and sexual reproduction, Apomixes.
Anatomy : Tissue systems and their functions. Shoot apical meristem, Root apical meristem. Structure, function and periodicity of vascular cambium, Structure and functions of periderm.
Genetics : Mandels principles of inheritance, Gene interactions, QWuantitative genetics, Gene mapping, Two point and three point test crosses, Cytoplasmic inheritance in yeast and Mirabilis.
Descriptive Statistics : Binomial distribution; Phenotypic, genotypic and environmental variances. Standard deviation, interference and co-incidence.
Molecular Genetics : Composition of nucleic acids; A B and Z forms of DNA, Different forms of RNA and their roles. DNA replication, Transcription, Translation Gene regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Operon concept, Inducible, repressible, positive and negative gene regulations.
Plant breeding : Introduction and acclimatization, Pureline and mass selection, Hybridization, Hybrid vigour, Mutations, Polyploidy.
Plant Physiology and biochemistry : Transpiration and its significance, Macro and micro nutrients, Nutrients uptake and transport, Photosynthetic pigments. Photochemical reactions, Photophosphorylation, Calvin cycle, C4 cycle, CAM plants. Mechanism of food translocation, Aerobic and anaerobic respiration, Pentose phosphate pathway, Biological nitrogen fixation, Seed germination, Photoperiodism, Vernalization, General aspects of phytohormones and their role. Plant movements, biological clock. Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, Polysaccharides. Isomerism. Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Characteristics and classification of amino acids, GS / GOGAT cycle, protein biosynthesis and its regulation, protein targeting, protein degradation.
Techniques in cell biology : Principles of Light, Electron, Phase contrast and Fluorescence microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy and Scanning electron microscopy. Paper chromatography, TLC, GLC and Autoradiography. Spectrophotometry.
Biotechnology : Tools and Techniques of recombinant DNA technology; cloning vectors; DNA fingerprinting and DNA sequencing; somatic hybridization, clonal propagation; achievements in crop biotechnology and prospects.
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